Ependymomas arise from the lining of the brain’s ventricular system or spinal cord canal. They are classified into subtypes such as subependymoma, myxopapillary ependymoma, and anaplastic ependymoma, with varying growth rates and behavior. These tumors can block cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathways, leading to hydrocephalus and increased pressure inside the brain. In the spinal cord, ependymomas may compress nerves, causing pain, numbness, or weakness in the limbs. Although they are relatively rare, their impact on neurological function can be significant. Early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention are key to preventing irreversible neurological damage and achieving better long-term outcomes for patients.
Diagnosis of ependymomas involves high-resolution MRI scans, sometimes combined with CT imaging, to determine tumor size, location, and relation to vital structures. In cases with hydrocephalus, CSF flow studies may be performed. A biopsy is rarely needed as imaging often provides sufficient diagnostic clarity. Preoperative planning uses advanced neuronavigation and intraoperative monitoring to precisely target the tumor while safeguarding critical brain or spinal cord pathways. Functional MRI and neurophysiological studies are sometimes used for tumors near eloquent brain areas. With meticulous planning, surgeons can maximize tumor removal, minimize risks, and prepare tailored surgical strategies that align with the patient’s unique condition and health profile.
Surgical removal remains the mainstay of ependymoma treatment. The extent of resection strongly influences long-term outcomes, with gross total resection offering the best chance of cure. In the brain, microsurgical techniques combined with neuronavigation allow precise removal while minimizing trauma to surrounding tissues. For spinal ependymomas, microsurgery and intraoperative neuromonitoring ensure safety by preserving nerve function. When complete removal is not possible due to tumor infiltration into vital areas, partial resection may be followed by radiotherapy to prevent recurrence. Advanced tools such as ultrasonic aspirators, endoscopes, and intraoperative imaging further improve surgical accuracy and safety in managing these complex tumors.
Recovery following ependymoma surgery depends on tumor size, location, and extent of removal. Patients often experience significant improvement in headaches, hydrocephalus symptoms, or neurological deficits after surgery. However, temporary weakness, imbalance, or fatigue may occur, requiring structured rehabilitation. Physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy are tailored to restore mobility, strength, and communication skills where needed. For spinal ependymomas, focused rehabilitation helps regain limb function and posture. Postoperative MRI scans are essential for monitoring residual tumor or recurrence. With expert neurosurgical care and rehabilitation support, many patients achieve an excellent recovery, regaining independence and returning to daily activities with confidence.
Ependymoma surgery requires advanced surgical skills and modern neurosurgical infrastructure to ensure safe and effective treatment. Dr. Vamsi Krishna, Consultant Neurosurgeon at Yashoda Hospitals, Hitech City, Hyderabad, is highly experienced in managing brain and spinal cord tumors using state-of-the-art techniques. With access to advanced neuronavigation, intraoperative monitoring, and minimally invasive tools, he provides maximum tumor clearance with reduced risks. His approach is patient-centered, emphasizing clear communication, personalized treatment, and compassionate care. Supported by a multidisciplinary team and world-class facilities, he ensures comprehensive management from diagnosis to rehabilitation. For patients seeking specialized care in ependymoma surgery, Dr. Vamsi Krishna is a trusted expert in Hyderabad.
