Ankylosing spondylosis is an inflammatory disorder affecting the axial skeleton, particularly the spine, sacroiliac joints, and ligaments. Chronic inflammation may lead to calcification and eventual fusion of the vertebrae, reducing spinal flexibility. The condition is autoimmune in nature, often associated with the HLA-B27 gene, and can also affect peripheral joints, eyes (uveitis), and other organs. Symptoms usually begin in early adulthood and gradually worsen if untreated. Understanding disease progression is essential for timely intervention, which may include medication, physical therapy, or surgical management in severe cases. Early management improves mobility, reduces pain, and prevents long-term complications.
Diagnosis involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and imaging studies. X-rays and MRI scans help detect joint inflammation, vertebral fusion, and spinal changes, while blood tests may identify inflammatory markers and HLA-B27 positivity. Functional assessments evaluate spinal mobility and posture, and pain severity is recorded to guide treatment. Early detection enables targeted interventions, including physiotherapy, medications, and lifestyle modifications. Advanced imaging assists surgeons in planning any required procedures, ensuring interventions are safe and tailored to the patient’s specific spine involvement, preserving function and reducing discomfort.
Management of ankylosing spondylosis typically begins with medications to reduce inflammation and relieve pain, including NSAIDs and biologic therapies. Physiotherapy plays a vital role in maintaining spinal mobility, posture, and muscle strength. In advanced cases where vertebral fusion causes severe deformity or nerve compression, surgical interventions such as spinal osteotomy or decompression may be indicated. Minimally invasive spine procedures can reduce recovery time and enhance outcomes. Lifestyle modifications, including regular exercise, ergonomic adjustments, and anti-inflammatory diets, complement medical and surgical management, ensuring holistic care for patients with ankylosing spondylosis.
Recovery and rehabilitation focus on maintaining spinal flexibility, reducing pain, and restoring functional independence. Patients are encouraged to follow structured physiotherapy programs that improve posture, core strength, and mobility. Pain management strategies, including medications, hydrotherapy, or guided exercises, enhance comfort. Post-surgical rehabilitation emphasizes gradual mobilization, posture correction, and strengthening exercises to prevent further spinal stiffness. Regular follow-up imaging ensures disease monitoring, early detection of complications, and evaluation of treatment efficacy. With consistent rehabilitation, patients experience improved quality of life, reduced disability, and enhanced ability to perform daily activities despite chronic spinal involvement.
Managing ankylosing spondylosis requires expertise in spine disorders, advanced imaging, and individualized treatment strategies. Dr. Vamsi Krishna, Consultant Neurosurgeon at Yashoda Hospitals, Hitech City, Hyderabad, combines minimally invasive surgical techniques, personalized rehabilitation programs, and holistic care to relieve pain, restore mobility, and prevent complications. His approach emphasizes early diagnosis, evidence-based interventions, and patient education to optimize long-term outcomes. With a focus on both medical and surgical management of spinal disorders, he provides comprehensive solutions for patients suffering from ankylosing spondylosis, ensuring improved function, reduced pain, and enhanced quality of life.
