Pediatric brain tumors are abnormal growths in the brain or central nervous system in children. They differ from adult tumors in type, location, and behavior, often affecting the cerebellum, brainstem, or cerebral hemispheres. Common types include medulloblastomas, astrocytomas, ependymomas, and craniopharyngiomas. Symptoms may include headaches, vomiting, balance problems, vision changes, seizures, or developmental delays. Early detection is crucial as rapid tumor growth can affect neurological function and overall development. Pediatric brain tumors require specialized surgical expertise, tailored to the child’s age, size, and neurological status, to maximize tumor removal while preserving cognitive and motor function.
Diagnosis involves comprehensive neurological evaluation, developmental assessment, and advanced imaging like MRI, CT scans, and MR spectroscopy to define tumor type, size, and location. Additional tests may include lumbar puncture or biopsy for histopathology. Precise assessment ensures appropriate surgical planning, risk evaluation, and selection of minimally invasive or microsurgical techniques suitable for children.
Surgical removal is the mainstay treatment, aiming for maximal safe resection. Techniques include microsurgery, endoscope-assisted approaches, and, in select cases, minimally invasive procedures to reduce trauma. Surgery is often complemented by chemotherapy or radiotherapy based on tumor type and grade. The focus is on complete tumor removal while preserving neurological function and promoting healthy brain development.
Recovery emphasizes neurological monitoring, physical therapy, cognitive rehabilitation, and supportive care. Children may need speech therapy, occupational therapy, or hormonal support depending on tumor location. Follow-up imaging ensures no residual or recurrent disease. Structured rehabilitation helps restore motor function, cognitive abilities, and overall quality of life while supporting emotional well-being of both the child and family.
Dr. Vamsi Krishna, Consultant Neurosurgeon at Yashoda Hospitals, Hitech City, Hyderabad, specializes in pediatric neurosurgery. With advanced microsurgical techniques, endoscopic approaches, and child-centered care, he ensures safe, precise tumor removal, minimal complications, and optimal developmental outcomes, making him a trusted expert in pediatric brain tumor management.
