Aneurysms are abnormal dilations or bulges in the walls of blood vessels, most commonly occurring in the brain’s arteries. These weakened areas pose a significant risk of rupture, leading to subarachnoid hemorrhage, stroke, or permanent neurological damage. Aneurysms can be congenital or develop due to high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, trauma, or infections. Many remain asymptomatic until they enlarge or rupture, while some may cause headaches, vision changes, or neurological deficits depending on their location. Early detection and management are critical to prevent life-threatening complications and preserve neurological function. Neurosurgeons evaluate aneurysm size, shape, and location to determine the safest intervention, balancing efficacy with minimal risk to surrounding brain structures.
Diagnosis involves non-invasive imaging such as CT angiography, MR angiography, or digital subtraction angiography (DSA) to accurately visualize the aneurysm, assess vessel anatomy, and identify high-risk features. Neurological examinations evaluate cranial nerve function, motor skills, and sensory deficits. Early and precise diagnosis allows careful surgical or endovascular planning, improving safety and outcomes. Patients may also undergo routine monitoring if aneurysms are small and asymptomatic.
Aneurysm management may involve surgical clipping or endovascular coiling, depending on the aneurysm’s size, location, and morphology. Microsurgical clipping involves placing a titanium clip at the aneurysm’s neck to prevent blood flow and rupture, while endovascular coiling fills the aneurysm with platinum coils via catheterization, promoting clotting and stabilization. The choice of procedure depends on patient-specific factors, aiming for complete occlusion while minimizing risk to normal brain tissue.
Recovery focuses on monitoring for complications such as vasospasm, re-bleeding, or hydrocephalus. Postoperative care includes neurological assessments, blood pressure management, and gradual mobilization. Rehabilitation may involve physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and cognitive support, especially after rupture or complex surgery. Regular follow-up imaging ensures the aneurysm remains secure and detects recurrence early. With timely intervention and structured care, most patients achieve stable neurological function and improved quality of life.
Dr. Vamsi Krishna, Consultant Neurosurgeon at Yashoda Hospitals, Hitech City, Hyderabad, specializes in cerebrovascular disorders, including aneurysms. His expertise in microsurgical clipping and endovascular techniques ensures precise, safe, and effective treatment, maximizing neurological preservation and long-term outcomes, making him a trusted specialist in aneurysm management.
